HOW TO DO THINGS

HOW TO GET TO THE BARN

            "The Barn" is where the Club stores most of its canoeing and kayaking equipment, and is where the "Work Weekend" trips are held. For several reasons, you may be asked to go the barn to pick up equipment. The barn is located on the property of the Pomona Country Club, in Pomona, NY, north of the New York Thruway (I-287). Ask the trip leader for the combination to the padlock and take only the equipment you were asked to get. Other equipment may be needed for another trip.

FROM NYC OR POINTS EAST: Palisades Interstate Parkway, North to Exit 12. At the end of exit ramp, turn left; drive to the traffic light at Route 45, turn left, and go a short distance South to Pomona Rd. (County Route 86); turn right. In about 1 mile you will see McNamara Rd. on the left. Take the NEXT LEFT, a private road flanked by two stone pillars; go about a block, turn right, and you will see the barn on your right and the trailers parked on your left. Driving time from NYC about 1 hour.

FROM NJ OR POINTS WEST OR SOUTH: Take I-287 North to the NY Thruway to Exit 15A, last exit before toll. This is Route 59. Follow it into Suffern. At the traffic light in Suffern, turn left onto Route 202 North for about 4-5 miles. Turn right on Lime Kiln Rd. (County Route 84) Continue to the stop light at Route 306. Turn Left (North), on Route 306 and continue to NEW Pomona Rd. (County Route 86) Turn Right on NEW Pomona Road, and in about one mile, look for the stone pillars on your right. If you see McNamara Rd, you have gone too far (but not to worry, just turn around and follow the above directions). Turn right between the stone pillars; go about a block, turn right and you will see the barn on your right and the trailers parked on the left.

FROM NY STATE OR POINTS NORTH: From southbound on the New York Thruway, exit at Exit 15A for Suffern. Follow the signs for Suffern. At the traffic light in Suffern, turn left onto 202 North and proceed as above from Suffern. If southbound on Route. 17, watch for a stop light and sign for Suffern and Route. 59. Follow the signs for Suffern.

TRAILER HAULERS: YOU CANNOT DRIVE ON THE PALISADES INTERSTATE PARKWAY. If you are coming from the East on I-287, take Exit 14 for Route. 59 West, Spring Valley. Continue West to Route 45, turn right (North), and continue to Pomona Rd. Then left to the entrance to the Country Club.

You can use MapsOnUs to get driving directions to: "Pomona Road & East Lane; Pomona, NY".map to barn

HOW TO USE THE CARTOP CARRIERS

            If you're going to paddle, buy a car that can have a cartop carrier installed. Most of the Club's cartop carriers have two pairs of tower-like devices that clamp onto exposed rain gutters, and support pipes or boards across the car. They work fine on older cars. If your car has exposed rain gutters, the towers must be adjusted to the width of your car, and for most of our carriers this requires a 9/16" box end, or adjustable wrench. There is supposed to be one in the trailers and the barn, but don't count on it. You loosen the bolts; adjust the towers for your car; place the rack on your car's rain gutters; tighten the rain gutter clamps; then re-tighten the adjusting bolts.
            If your car has concealed rain gutters, you may be able to get a carrier that fits your model. Thule, Yakima, Bearcrafters and others make carriers for many vehicles. Expect to spend between $100 and $300.
            The Club has a few sets of foam block carriers in the barn and in the trailers that will allow you to cartop one canoe or two kayaks. These blocks slip over the gunwales of most canoes and support the canoe on the roof of most cars without a rack. If you plan on canoeing often and don't have a car, you may want to purchase a set of foam blocks or make a collapsible rack that will fit a rental car. However, before making a "generic" rack, talk to others.

HOW TO TIE A CANOE ON THE CAR

            If you need to cartop a canoe - BRING ROPE! There is NEVER any rope when you need it. The canoe must be tied to both the cartop carrier and the car. Ropes should be tied over the canoe from one side of both crossbars to the other. If you are using the foam block carriers, you should tie a rope over the canoe and through the windows or doors to secure the canoe firmly to the car. In either case, two ropes should also be tied from both the bow and stern of the canoe to the car's bumpers in an upside down 'V'. To do this you need to know how to tie a few knots. Please see "How to Tie Knots".

HOW TO CARTOP A KAYAK

            Depending what kind of car you have, you can use your own roof rack, a Club roof rack, or some form of foam block or padding to cartop a kayak. If you use a roof rack, tie the kayak on the rack just like a canoe. Use the grab loops at the front and rear of the kayak to secure the boat to the car's bumper. Always point the front of the kayak towards the front of the car. Most cars will carry two kayaks easily.
            The Club's canoe foam blocks from the barn (found on the shelves near the barn entrance) can be used on most closed boats as well. The blocks have a slot designed to fit onto the gunwales of an open canoe - it will also fit on a cockpit rim. For kayak car topping, take 4 blocks and place one at each "corner" of the cockpit rim. Place the boat upside down on the car roof on top of the blocks. Open the doors and tie the boat to the car roof by running ropes or straps through the door openings. (Keep a sponge or towel handy to sop up the water wicking along these straps into your car during rainstorms.) Again tie the boat(s) to the front and rear car frame or bumpers using the grab loops.
            Special blocks and strap systems designed to carry kayaks can be purchased at many stores. They are used similarly to above but the two V-shaped blocks are first tied to the boats. Follow the directions! The most important thing is to have multiple tie down points.

HOW TO CHOOSE A CANOE PADDLE LENGTH

            Putting it simply, a paddle should be long enough to reach the water. New paddlers often choose a paddle that is too long for them. The important measurement is the length of the shaft, from the hand grip to the blade - not the overall length. There is really no "best" size paddle because people can usually adjust to a range of sizes.
            One way to find a size that works well for most people is to take the position you prefer, kneeling or sitting in the canoe, and get a paddle with a shaft length equal to the distance from your chin to the bottom of the canoe. Then, with the blade fully immersed and with your hands slightly farther apart than the width of your shoulders, your upper hand should be level with your chin and your lower hand about 6" from the blade. If you are going to paddle stern, you may want a slightly longer paddle; for the bow, slightly shorter.

HOW TO CHOOSE A KAYAK PADDLE LENGTH

            Kayakers should choose a paddle by holding the paddle vertically in front of themselves. The end of the bottom blade should rest on ground. The end of the upper blade should be reachable above your head with a relaxed but outstretched arm. The fingers should curl over the end of the blade. This is just a guideline. Find out what works for you.

HOW TO USE THE COLEMAN STOVE

            A Coleman stove is not difficult to operate; but, like any piece of equipment, if you do it wrong, you will have problems.
            Before trying to light the stove, make sure that there is plenty of fuel in the tank. If not, find the fuel, and fill the tank. BE CAREFUL! THE FUEL IS HIGHLY FLAMMABLE GASOLINE. MOVE SOME DISTANCE AWAY FROM CAMPFIRES AND SMOKERS.
            After filling, you must pump air into the tank. To do this, first make sure that the control knob is turned OFF and that the filler cap is on tightly. Then unscrew the silver knob on the right end of the tank one turn; pull out the plunger; and, with your thumb over the little hole, pump it in and out about 30 times. It should become harder to pump as pressure increases. If it doesn't, get help. Then screw it tight again and mount the tank on the stove.
            The silver handle on the left side of the stove controls the left burner and must be in the "OFF" position. Check it and turn it clockwise until it's tight. Find the little brass lever on the left side of the fuel container tube that goes into the stove; if it is pointing DOWN, turn it UP. NOW light a match. Then turn the large control knob on the front of the fuel tank ON (counter-clockwise) high and light the RIGHT burner. If you have done everything right, it should burn with a bluish-yellow flame. After one minute, turn the burner down a bit; turn that little brass lever DOWN; and the flame should burn with a blue flame. Pump more air into the tank, and you can now light the other burner. Turn that silver handle on the left side of the stove counter-clockwise, and light the left burner.
            The amount of gas and the right burner are adjusted by the main control knob on the fuel tank. To adjust the left burner, use the left side control, but the right burner must be on for the left burner to burn. Both burners can be set for various cooking requirements by combining adjustments of the main control knob and the left burner handle. The left burner can not be adjusted higher than the right.
            To turn the stove off, FIRST TURN OFF THE LEFT BURNER, then turn off the gas to the stove with the main control knob. Let the flame burn out by itself; don't blow it out. If you don't turn off the left burner first or if you blow out the flame, it is more difficult for the next user to light the stove.

HOW TO SET UP A TARPAULIN

            The Club keeps several tarpaulins (tarps) in the trailers. When it rains, they are used to keep the water from drenching the eating area. They are not difficult to put up. If trees are available, one of the easiest ways is to string a throw rope between two trees. Decide which trees to use, throw the rope over a branch about 15 feet off the ground, and tie the NON-BAG END of the rope around the tree trunk. Go to the other tree, and throw the bag over a branch about equally high from the ground, pull the rope as taut as you can and secure it around the tree trunk.
            Throw the tarp over this line, and put a pole at each corner. Tie the corner ropes on the tarp to stakes in the ground or to trees pulling the sides tight. You may increase the center height by moving a picnic table under the center of the tarp and put a pole on the table to support the center of the tarp. PUT SOMETHING OVER THE TOP OF THE POLE TO KEEP IT FROM POKING A HOLE IN THE TARP. Adjust the corner poles so that the water runs off the tarp.
            There are many other ways to put up a tarp, with or without trees, learn from the others on your trips.


HOW TO LEARN MORE ABOUT CANOEING

            The best way to learn is to come on trips and get instruction. At home, you can learn a lot from these books.

HOW-TO BOOKS:
Basic River Canoeing, Robert E. McNair, 1985, American Camping Association
White Water Handbook, Third Edition, Bruce Lessels, 1994, Appalachian Mountain Club
River Rescue, Les Bechdel & Slim Ray, 1985 Appalachian Mountain Club
Kayak, William Nealy, 1986, Menasha Ridge Press
Canoeing; A Beginner's Guide to the Kayak, Nigel Foster, 1990, Fernhurst Books (He means "canoe" in the international sense.)

GUIDE BOOKS:
AMC River Guide Series, ME, 1980; NH & VT, 1983; MA, CT., & RI., 1985; Appalachian Mountain Club
AMC Quiet Water Canoe Guides, NH/VT, MA/CT/RI, ME, NY & PA, Appalachian Mountain Club
Canoeing the Jersey Pine Barrens, Fifth Edition, Robert Parnes (Assisted by Fran & Al Braley), 1999 Globe Pequot Press, Old Saybrook, CT
Keystone Canoeing, Edward Gertler, 1985, The Seneca Press, Silver Spring, MD
Garden State Canoeing, Edward Gertler, 1992, The Seneca Press, Silver Spring, MD
New England White Water River Guide, Ray Gabler, 1983, Appalachian Mountain Club
A Canoeing Guide for the Housatonic River in Berkshire County, Berkshire County Regional Planning Commission, Housatonic Valley Association

VIDEOS:
            We have a "through-the-mail" lending library of boating-related videotapes. To get a list of what's available and how to rent them, either send a SASE to the Canoe & Kayak Committee Secretary or download from the webpage at our video library page.

HOW TO TIE KNOTS

            Many knots are used in boating, but the beginner only needs to know two.

            The first is the BOWLINE (pronounced bo'-lin), it is a secure loop in the end of a line. It is proba bly the simplest and most versatile knot ever devised, and is very easy to tie. Since it never jams, it can always be untied. It can be used to tie your gear in the boat, tie on a painter, make a lasso, tie two ropes together, and to make a winch.


FIGURE 1

            Notice in Figure 1, step 4, that the end of the rope can be looped around either way. It doesn't make any difference which way. One way gives the INSIDE bowline, the other an OUTSIDE bowline. Either way the bowline is strong and secure.
            Many people remember how to tie this knot by remembering this silly story --- "This is a tree, and this is a rabbit hole, the rabbit comes out of his hole, around the tree, and back in his hole again." The rabbit is the end of the rope, the loop in step 2 is the hole, and the rope is the tree.

            The second knot is a HALF HITCH, tie it twice and it's not a "whole hitch", but a DOUBLE HALF HITCH. It is an excellent knot for tying a boat to the roof of your car or to tie your painter to a tree to keep your canoe from going downstream without you while you go into the woods for some reason.


FIGURE 2FIGURE 3

            The single half hitch will usually hold in most circumstances, but the double half hitch is more secure.





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Last updated: January, 2000